SPREADSHEET

• Allows users to organize data in rows and column and perform calculations
• Usage to create personal profiles, budget summaries, income statements or calculate students marks.

       Example :

1. Microsoft Office Excel
2. OpenOffice.org Calc

• A function is a predefined formula that performs common calculations.
• Charting depicts data in a spreadsheet in graphical form.

PRESENTATION

• Allow users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to be a group.
• Usage to create a presentation for teaching, marketing or tourist information.

      Example :

1. Microsoft Office PowerPoint
2. OpenOffice.org Impress

DATABASE

• A collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data.
• Allow users to create, access and manage a database.
• Usage to create student database, employees database or book database.

EBCDIC.

- 8 bits represent character.

- Can represent 256 character.

- Primarily used on IBM mainframe and high end servers.




Unicode.

- 16 bits represent character.

- Can represent more than 65000 characters.

- Implemented in several OS ( Windows, Mac OS, Linux ).

WEB BROWSER

• Allows users to access and interact with software from any computer or device that is connected to the Internet.
• View Web pages or access programs. 

      Example :

1. Google Chrome
2. Firefox
3. Opera

WORD PROCESSING

• Allow users to create and manipulate documents.

      Example :

1. Microsoft Office Word
2. OpenOffice.org Writer

• Clip art is a collection of electronic drawings, photos, and other images.

Coding Scheme

- Combination of 0s and 1s that represent character.


Popular Coding Scheme.
-  ASCII

- Extended ASCII

- EBCDIC

- Unicode


Coding Scheme.
- ASCII widely used coding scheme while EBCDIC on mainframe computer and high         end server.
- Unicode can support more than 65000 characters and symbols.


Extended ASCII.
- 8 bits represent character.
- Can represent 256 characters.
- Extra characters represent characters from foreign languages and special symbol for   drawing picture.

Computer System

APPLICATION SOFTWARE

• Consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks.

1. To make business activities more efficient.
2. To assist with graphics and multimedia projects.
3. To support home,personal, and educational tasks.
4. To facilitate communications.

TYPE OF SOFTWARE

OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

• created by unpaid volunteers, begin to gain wide acceptance among computers users.
• freely.

PROPRIETARY SOFTWARE

• privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer model.
• license / paid.

Number System

* Set of numerals for representing numbers.

                                                            Decimal numbers            ( base 10 )

                                                            Binary numbers               ( base 2 )

                                                            Hexadecimal numbers     ( base 16 )

DECIMAL NUMBERS 

                                                       # Consist of numbers 0 - 9 

                               # Decimal digits are join together to form longer decimal numbers.

                                    * Example : 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9  , 10 , 11 , 12 , . . . 

BINARY NUMBERS 

# Computer use binary digit ( bit ) 0 and 1

# Represents numeric values using two symbol 0 and 1

* Example : 111 000 , 101 111 111 

HEXADECIMAL NUMBERS 

# Use 16 symbols ; 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , A , B , C , D , E and F

* Example : 9B4

comparison between number system

Computer System

DATA REPRESENTATIONS.

• Using two binary digits 1 and 0 represent on and off. 
• Computer recognizes 2 discrete electrical state ( on and off ).

BIT.

- Smallest unit of data the computer can process.

- Represent electrical state ( on or off ).

BYTE.

- A group of 8 bits.

- Represent single character.

•  ASCII the most widely used coding scheme to represent data.